Machine for making glass articles



y 1952 L. c. KAHLE 2,596,899 9 MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Filed May 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet l IN V EN TOR.

BY Zamls L [fa/11a 7MA-uaml L. C. KAHLE MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES May 13, 1952 Filed my 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. [was (3 [Tad]! HTTORNEY May 13, 1952 c. -KAHLE 2,596,899

MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Filed May 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

BY Zmas 6 fihZzlf 147 TOR/V5) L. C. KAHLE MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES May 13, 1952 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 29, 1948 y 1952 c. KAHLE MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Filed May 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. land; 5 ffalt/r ATTORNEY I EMMA I 1% ivy/11M] 2 a W E W y 1952 c. KAHLE 2,596,899

MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Filed May 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet 6 WZPMD 1M y 3, 1952 L. ,.-KAHLE 2,596,899

MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Filed May 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet '7 IN V EN TOR.

Zamls if [all]! Mam fl TTORNE Y M y 13, 1952 1.. c. KAHLE 2,596,899

MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Filed May 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet a I Z90 s I ,4 |l 292 1} INVENTOR. 5A egg) I 319 Zamls 6 ffaltle u AM ll TTORNE Y 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 y 1952 c. KAHLE MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Filed May 29, 1948 3 m H 6 Z ?!J R M 0 1 1 M m E :1: I. V WI! 7 r .IU W K 7 .mlhl .WJ/ r; 1 a w w a w m 5 M 7 9 #0 M II M FJ. 5 O. O 8 a /r .\v w a 4.; ggz m s 4 E w i A l. 4 4 w 2 M 2: Z .W .7 1 4 z W W w 3 7 M m a a 9 y 3, 1952 1.. c. KAHLE 2,596,899

MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTIQLES Filed May 29, 1948 12 Sheets-Sheet 10 I N V EN TOR. lanai; (f ffaltie May 13, 1952 c. KAl lLE MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES 12 Sheets-Sheet 12 Filed May 29, 1948 INVENTOR. Z (was f [Yak/e FIT OIPNEY Patented May 13, 1952 MACHINE FOR MAKING GLASS ARTICLES Louis C. Kahle, Teaneck, N. J assignor to Kahle Engineering Company, North Bergen, N. J., a

copartnership Application May 29, 1948, Serial No. 30,018

The present invention relates generally to the manufacture or shaping of lengths of glass tubing. It relates more particularly to a machine for forming from relatively long lengths of glass tubing, shorter individual glass articles each having an outwardly extending flanged or flared portion at one end thereof and, in many instances, a narrowed or elongated opening at the opposite end.

In the manufacture of many types of radio tubes, incandescent lamps, fluorescent tubes or 19 Claims. (Cl. 497) space discharge tubes, for example, a part of the tube comprises a relatively short glass member through which wires enter the tubeand which is formed at one end into an outwardly projecting flange or flared portion. The flange or flared portion facilitates securing together and sealing of the member with a radio tube, bulb or the like.

The manufacture of such flanged or flared articles presents difficulties as they conform to fairly exact standards in order that they may be readily and effectively assembled with cooperating parts to form gas-tight joints. Hand or manual operations and techniques have been extensively utilized to form articles embodying a required degree of exactness and precision. Hand operations result in objectionably high costs. Various mechanical devices have been tried in providing the flanged or flared articles but they have presented objections.

The present invention aims to provide a rela tively simple and inexpensive machine adapted to the manufacture of flared or flanged lengths of glass tubing at a rapid rate. The invention further contemplates the provision of a machine which is adapted to the manufacture of various different shapes or types and sizes of flanged or flared glass articles. 7

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved machine for forming flared or flanged glass articles.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine forforming flared or flanged glass articles which is readily and selectively adapt: able to the formation of different shapes or kinds of such articles.

Another object is to provide a machine for making flared glass articles embodying new and improved lubrication and cooling means.

Another object is to provide a machine for forming flared articles from glass tubing embodying new and improved means for preheatin-g lengths of glass tubing. A further object of the invention is to provide a machine embodying new and improved means for severing lengths of glass tubing in the formation of flared articles.

A still further object of the invention is to provide new and improved means for forming or shaping an end of a portion of a length of glass tubing. 7

A still further object of the invention is to provide new and improved means for forming or shaping each end of a portion of a length of glass tubing.

Other and further objects of the invention will be obvious upon an understanding of the illustrative embodiment about to be described, or will be indicated in the appended claims, and

various advantages not referred to herein will occur to one skilled in the art upon employment of the invention in practice.

A preferred embodiment of the invention has been chosen for purposes of illustration and description and is shown in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the specification, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view illustrating one end of a length of glass tubing prior to any shaping or forming thereof;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view illustrating one form of flared article which may be manufactured by the present machine;

Fig. 2a is a sectional view illustrating another form of article which may be manufactured by the present machine;

Fig. 2b is a sectional view showing a slightly different form of article which may be manufactured by the present machine;

Fig. 3.is a schematic or diagrammatic illustration showing some of the difi'erent positions or steps of a portion of the present machine;

Fig. 4 is a view, partially diagrammatic, illustrating one form of lubricating means adapted to be used with the present machine;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal view looking down toward the table I l of the present machine, showing the arrangement of parts about the table and with the upright shafts and their hollow support in the section;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view, partly broken away, showing a lower portion of the machine and taken generally along line 6-6 of Fig. 5 but with various devices omitted from the table I l for purposes of clarity;

Fig. 7 is a partially broken away and partially sectional view, showing an upper portion of the machine above the table II; 3

Fig. 8 is-a fragmentary sectional view, partly broken away, showing a preferred head for holding lengths of glass tubing; it is taken along a vertical plane through the tubing holder shown at the left of Fig. '7;

Fig. 8a is a fragmentary view taken along line 8a8a of Fig. 8;

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line 9-9' of Fig.

Fig. 10 is a view taken along the line lit-it of Fig. 5;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view showing the upper portion of the flaring means illustrated at the left side of Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 is a view taken along thelinel2 --l=2 of Fig. 11;

Figs. 13, 14 and 15 illustrate flaring pins which may be used with the flaring means illustrated Figs. 9, 11 and 12;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating another form of flaring means;

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken generally along line IT'-ii1 ofFig. l8, and showing a cutting or severing means;

Fig. 18 is a view taken along the line i8:8 of Fig. 1'7;

Fig-19' is a view taken along the line I9,-l9 of Fig. 17; 2

Fig. 19a,- is a top plan view of means for assisting in holding a length of glass steady and. true during a severing operation;

Fig. 191) is a view taken along line l9bl9b of Fig. '7';

Fig. 20 is a view taken along the line. za-ze of Fig. 18;

Fig. 21 is an elevational view showing a gang.- ing attachment for the portion of the machine illustrated in Figs. 5, 6 and 7;

Fig. 22 is a vertical sectional view, taken generally along line 22-22 of Fig. 23, partly broken away, showing means adapted. to be used for forming an elongated opening on a flared. article Fig. 23 is a horizontal sectional view, taken generally along line 23-23 of Fig. 22, showing the means adapted to be used for forming an elongated opening on a flared. article;

Fig. 23a is an enlarged fragmentary view showing a portion of the device illustrated in Fig. 23;

Fig. 24 is a view taken along the line 2=". 2 4: of Fig. 22';

Fig. 25 is a fragmentary sectional view showing means adapted to be used in the formation of an elongated opening on a flared article;

Fig. 26 is a fragmentary sectional View taken along line 2625 of Fig. 25

Fig. 26a is a sectional View showing a preferred form of jaw for the structure shown in Figs. 25 and 26';

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary sectional view, showing another form. of device adapted to be used for forming anelongate opening on a flared article;

Fig. 28 is a fragmentary view taken along the line 2828 of Fig. 27;

Fig. 28a is a View showing another form of member which may be used with the structure illustrated in. Figs. 27 and 28; and

Fig. 29 is a fragmentary sectional View show ing means for ejecting a flared article.

The present machine is adapted to receive lengths of glass tubing (Figs. 1 and 7) of any convenient lengths, e. g, three or four feet, and to produce shorter individual articles of desired length having outwardly extending flanges or flared portions 4- at one end thereof and an elongate opening 3 at the opposite end thereof (Fig. 2). The particular form of flared and shaped article illustrated in these figures and its comparative dimensions, are illustrative, the machine being adapted to the manufacture of flared items having different lengths and different flange widths. In addition, flared articles having shapes such as is illustrated in Fig. 2a or 21) may be manufactured by the machine.

In transforming a length of glass tubing or glass cylinder into a plurality of flared articles the length of glass tubing is subjected to a number of operations or steps. Fig. 3 illustrates, more or less schematically or diagrammatically,

' certain initial operations or steps which may be -utilized in connection with the formation of a flared article such as illustrated in Fig. 2, 2a or 2b. As will be brought out in greater detail hereinafter, parts of the present machine move in step by step mannerso that various heating, cooling, forming, spreading or stretching, squeezing, and the like operations may occur: during intervals while the piece of glass being acted upon ismomenta-ri-ly stopped at a given step, but prefeerably while the length of glass tubing is rotated about its own axis.

As illustrated; in. Fig. 3, a rotating, length of. glass. tubing (Fig. I) has a portion adjacent its lower end subjected to heating; at positionl-h the heating being achieved by suitable. gas burners 5.. From heating position I. the length of tubing is. carried to heating position 2,, at; which .position portions adjacent the lower end of the tubing are subjected to an. additional heating step by further burners 5. Any suitable number of heating devices or burners may be utilized at the different positions, four burners being: showndirecting' flame. jets toward. the tubing at heat..- ing position 2 and two burners at position I.. After being subjected to the heating at positions Nos. I and 2 the lentgh of tubing is moved to position at which position, the lower end of the. length of tubing is flared outwardly to some such angle or degree as is. illustrated at the lower part of the articles illustrated in Figs. 2, 2a or 227. During the flaring or flanging operation at position 3 the length. of tubing may be heated by additional flame jets from additional burners 5.

At position or step No. 4. the flanged article is subjected to a jet of cool-ing air from an air tube or nozzle 1. This operation is preliminary to a gauging or measuring step at position No. 5 and tends to cool the item by an amount suflicient to insure accurategauging or measurement. At position 5 the length of glass tubing I is momentarily released by gripping or holding means and adjusted or moved vertically by a gauging means in preparation for subjection to a subsequent severing operating which occurs atcut-off position No. 8. During the gauging or measurement of the tubing at position No. 5 the length of tubing is preferably subjected to a jet of cooling air from conduits 7, these air streams tending to render the lower end of the tubing firm.

From the gauging position 5 the flared or proper time an air jet from conduit I is directed against the severed lower portion and tends to direct it toward an adjacent removal chute.

As shown in Fig. 3, only heating or cooling operations take place at positions Nos. I, 2, 4, 6 and I. Flaring takes place at position No. 9, gauging takes place at position No. 5, and seve'ring or cutting off is done at position No. 3. The arrangement of the heating and cooling steps and burners or air jets, and a greater or lesser number thereof, may be utilized, depending upon the heating or cooling desired for the particular article being manufactured.

The burners or heaters may be of any suitable types and are preferably such as to facilitate ready regulation, adjustment and movement for the desired conditions; the same is true with respect to the various cooling conduits or air jets.

After being cut off at position 8 of Fig. 3 the severed and flared piece of glass maybe grasped by jaws of the preforming means (Figs. 22, 23) and moved in step by step manner to various heating positions, and finally to the preforming step which is done at the left side of the machine shown in Fig. 22.

The operations of fianging or flaring, auging or measuring, severing or cutting off, and preforming, and the means for performing these various operations, will be hereinafter described in detail.

For purposes of convenience of description articles produced by the present machine and illustrated generally in Figs. 2, 2a and 2b will be for the most part referred to hereinafter as flares.

During performance of the various operations on lengths of glass tubing to manufacture an outturned flange on a flare, a plurality of lengths of tubing I are gripped by a plurality of rotatable tube-holding heads 29 which are carried by a revolvable head-carrying turret I9, and the turret is revolved to present the rotating lengths of tubing to the different heating, cooling and operating stations (Fig. 3). The heating burners, cooling jets, flaring means, gauging means,

and severing means utilized in forming a flange are mounted, at appropriate intervals, on a stationary table or platform II positioned beneath the revolvable turret I9 which carries the rotatable heads 29.

. Referring more particularly to Figs. 5, 6 and '7, there is shown a plurality of spaced uprights or legs I9 supporting a table or main platform II which is adapted to carry the various operating mechanisms or means for acting upon lengths of tubing in the formation of flares. In order to avoid confusion the various devices shown in Fig. 5 in their relative positions on the table II are omitted from the table I I of Fig. 6. A supplementary platform I3 adjacent the lower portions of the spaced legs I and carried by the latter has secured thereto, and supports, electric driving motors I4 and I5, the motors being bolted or otherwise secured on the supplementary platform I-3. An upwardly extending hollow member I6, secured to the main platform or table H by bolts IT, projects upwardly to a position adjacent a revolvable turret I9. The hollow member I6 carries suitable bearings and maintains in position interiorly disposed drive shafts 22 and 23. One of the drive motors I4 actuates the turret I9 and various operating cams which will be hereinafter referred to. The other drive motor I rotates the tube holding heads or means 29, as well as the flaring means (Figs. 9, ll, 12) and the severing means (Figs. 1'7, 18, 19).

- selecting handle 59.

The interiorly disposed drive shaft 22, which extends through the hollow guiding member I6, has mounted thereon adjacent its upper end the revolvable turret I9. The lower portion 2| of the turret I9 is shown fixed to the shaft 22 through a key 25, hub 26 and bolts 21, so that it turns with the shaft 22. The upper portion 24 of the turret I9 may be secured to the lower turret portion 2| by bolts 28 disposed at suitable positions around the periphery of the turret I9.

When the hollow drive shaft 22 is rotated, it serves to rotate the turret I9 and to move around an orbit or path the tube-gripping heads 29 carried by the turret. Preferably the shaft 22 and turret I9 are caused to move in step by step movement so that the heads 29 carried thereby are moved to different positions or stations and momentarily stopped in their orbital path thereat so that various heating, cooling and operating steps may be performed upon lengths of rotating glass tubing held by the rotating heads 29.

While any suitable number of heads 29 may be utilized, spaced appropriately about the circumferences of the turret I9, eight equi-distantly spaced heads have been found efiicient in practice.

Step by step rotation of the drive snaft 22 and of the turret I9 may be achieved by the mechanism illustrated more particularly in Fig. 6 beneath the main platform II. As illustrated, a continuously rotating drive motor I4 turns a gear 3| on the shaft 32 through the intermediation of pulley 34, drive belt 35, speed adjusting or control mechanism 31, drive belt 38 and pulley 39. The rotating gear 3| serves to rotate a meshing worm wheel or gear 40 mounted upon a shaft 4| and rotation of this shaft efiects rotation of an indexing cam 43 keyed to the same shaft M as the gear 40. Indexing cam 43 is provided with a suitably shaped groove 44 adapted to receive rollers 46 carried by a cam wheel 48 fixed by key member 49 to the hollow upwardly extending shaft 22. The shape of the effective driving portions of the index cam 43 is preferably such as to impart slow starting movement, slow stopping movement and relatively rapid intermediate movement to the cam wheel 48 and shaft 22; thus there are provided relatively slow stopping and starting movements of the turret I9 and heads 29 in their movement from station to station and relatively rapid movement to the turret I9 and heads 29 intermediate stations.

The cam wheel 48 is shown (Fig. 5) provided with the same number of rollers 46 as the number of heads 29 carried by the turret I9. The index cam 43 is effective upon only a single roller at a time, the different rollers coming successively into position upon rotation of the index cam 43. The harmonic acceleration and deceleration, combined with rapid intermediate movement, provides for relatively high speeds of operation of the machine without damaging of parts. Selective adjustment of the speed of indexing or movementof the turret I9 and heads 29 from station to station may be obtained through the speed adjustment mechanism 31 and its operating or which moves the heads from station to station may be readily adjusted or changed independently of other portions of the machine.

It is desirable in connection with manufacture of the flares that the glass-tube-gripping means of each of the heads 29 be rotated during heatin cooling, gauging, flaring and severing opera.- tions. Such rotation contributes to the produc The speed of the turret I9 tionof-uniform flares. As shown in Figs. 6. and '7 this rotation is achieved by driving motor l -operatively connected-witheach ofthe heads 29 through the intermediation of chuck spindle drive gear 52secured to jaw operating spindle 89, main drive gear-53 keyedtoithe upperend of drive shaft .23, wormgear 55, meshing gear 55, shaft 58, pulley 55. drive belt 6!, speed adjustment mechanism-62, drive belt;64 and pulley'65. Selective adjustment of the speed, control mechanism 62 maybeachieved by suitably positioning the selecting handle 61 of the speed control mechanism 52. As the motor continuously rotates it serves to rotate the main drive gear 53 secured to the upper endof the drive shaft 23 and rotateeachof the spindle-drivegears 52. The

spindle drive gears 52 rotate-continuously, during both movement-ofthe-turret lQand during intervals when the turret l9'is stationary.

v Drive motor 15 actuates the chuck rotating spindles 8U :entirely independently of rotation of the turret 1-9. It will be hereinafter brought out that drive motor l5 also operates the flaring device and the severing devices; hence each of these two latter devices maybe controlled independently of rotation of the turret Is. The speed of either of the drive motors l4 and 55 may be readily changed Without affecting the other. For purposes of adjustment ,or otherwise either or" the drive motors maybe completely shut down while theother continuesgto operate; the flexicility of operation thus aflorded is highly valuable.

The glass-tube-carrying heads 29 are illustrated more particularly in Figs. '7 and 8.,of the draw- :3.

ings. Each ofthehea'ds carried by the turret is similar andja description of one will suffice for all. Each of the heads shown in these figures comprises a housing It which may project through an aperture in the lower turret member '2! and which may be secured into position by bolts H. 'The housing?!) contains an interiorly disposed chuck mechanism adapted to normally hold a length of glass tubing and which is adapted to be rotated through spindle l2, rotatably mounted in roller bearings M and [5 disposed adjacent the upper and lower portionsof the housing 76, is provided adjacent its lower end with outwardly flared and slotted portions 16, the latter flared portion of the spindle having slidably assembled therewith flare jaws 17. Three flare jaws may be spaced substantially equidistantly about the flared portion '76 of the chuck spindle 72, each flare jaw being provided with oppositely disposed grooves 78 fitting over and slidable along portions of the flaredchuck spindle at opposite sides of slots 73 formed at equidistantly spaced intervals around the chuck spindl (Fig. 8a.).

The fiare jaws Tl may move freely lengthwise of the spaced slots '53 when the flare jaws are adjacent the lower edges of the slots 13 their inner gripping "or glass engaging portions 19 are separated with respect to each other. As the flare jaws are moved upwardly along theslots 13, the

inner glass engaging edges .19 thereof approach toward each other and toward a length of glass tubing centrally disposed with respect tothe jaws. Thus movement of the flare jaws along the slots 13 of the chuck spindles 1'2 serves to open and close the chuck jaws with respect to an intermediate length of glass tubing.

Movement of the flare jaws H along theslot Z3 is shown achieved by j aw operating spindle 67'9" having secured adjacent the-lower portion "thereof -,an outwardly extending .collar '8l. The

collar 8| projects into..slots:83.of the flarejaws H. When the jaw operatingspindle is moved upwardly the collar Bl tends to lift the flarejaws upwardly and the outwardly flaredportion of the chuck spindle". effects inward movement of the When the jaw operating. spindle-8D moves downwardly, the lower flared ,portion of the chuck spindle 12 effects separationof the flare jawswith respect to each other-and the flare jaws move outwardly with respect tothecollar 8| .of the jaw operating .spindle. A -spring resting against a washer-like.member .86 adjacent its lower endandagainstth under side of .a jaw operating collar 88 keyed orpinned tothe jawoperating-spindle 89, normallyurgesthe jaw operating spindle .80 upwardly and thus normally tends to maintaintheflared jaws I! together or in gripping engagement with-alength .of glass tubing,

Actuation of .the .flare jaws to. grip .or. release a length of .glasstubing is achieved bya chuckoperatinglever .89.movably mounted .on .a pin 90 secured to upwardly projectingbosses '9! on the upper turret portion 24. The inner end .of the chuck .operatinglever .89 is forkedorbifurcated and carries rollermemberstZ which extendinto a groove 9.4,of the jaw operating collar 88. The mechanism for moving the clutch operatinglever 88 will be hereinafter described. If desired the limits of movement of the chuck-opening'lever 89.may 'beicontrolled'by adjusting screwsfii': and 96 ,andlockrnuts 91 and 98; either one orboth of the adjusting screws may be used.

Since the turret l9 and heads29 carried thereby are disposed aboveand during operation rotate throughrising heat generated'by'the various heating burners mounted on themain table or platform ll,'lubrication .an'dcooling of rotating parts of the headst29 becomes a most serious and important consideration. Thechucks and bearings and other moving parts or elements of the heads 29 move throughhighly heated areas and the temperature of these various parts ,quickly reaches an elevated value; in order to prevent damaging of parts consequent upon the elevated temperatures involved it is most desirable that bearing portions of the heads '29 be continuously and amply lubricated. In the construction of Figs. 7 and .Sthis is achieved by forcing orlifting oil or other suitable cooling and lubricating fluid from an exposed oil retainer or reservoir I88 to a position adj acent. the bearing'lE, from which position the cooling and'lubricating fluid returns by gravity to the reservoir II 00. In operation the reservoir .lilfl is kept filled with liquid to .a satisfactory level and vthe Llatter passes through one or more openings lill into ,a spirally arranged groove [02 .of a fluid feeding member I03. The fluid feeding member I03 is shrink fitted over a sleeve [.04 and secured thereto by a pin I05. .An aluminum feedmember Hi3 and steel sleeve 184 are satisfactory. The reservoir Jill! is supported in position by its bottom member l [D which rests against a ledge i. L! ,of .thech'uck spindle ,12, the reservoir ,rotating ,with the chuck spindle. The inner raceof bearing 74, sleeve 104, and-the inner race of upper bearing 15 are maintained in position by a bearing retainer I I3 threaded onto the chuck-spindle Hand they rotate with the chuck spindle. A securing member l M retained to the housing 10 by In addition to serving as :a reservoir. the a.

posed chamber I serves as a cooling chamber for oil or other lubricating fluid which has its temperature raised incident to lubrication of head bearings I5. The rotatable feed member -I03 serves to continuously circulate the fluid during normal operations.

As the fluid feeding member I03 rotates with the chuck spindle 12, the spirally arranged feeding groove I02 serves to forcibly move fluid from the reservoir I00 upwardly intermediate theexterior of the fluid feeding member and the adjacent interior surface of the housing It. Preferably the interior diameter of the housing member is approximately 7 of an inch greater than the exterior diameter of the fluid feeding member I03 to thus provide a space of approximately of an inch around the fluid feeding member I03 when the parts are at ordinary room temperatures. Fluid discharged by the fluid feeding member I03 adjacent the upper end thereof passes to and lubricates and cools the upper ball bearings I5 and then returns by gravity to the reservoir I00 through return passage I01 and apertured portion I08 of the fluid feeding member I03. 7 The lower ball bearing I4 is usually immersed in oil. Each reservoir I00 may have a filling plug I09 in the wall thereof and a drain or clean-out plug I I2 at a lower point.

It is desirable that lengths of glass tubing be guided accurately through the chuck spindle I2, that they be maintained centrally disposed with respect to the chuck spindle, and that provision be made for feeding newlengths of glass tubing into the chucks prior to a previously inserted length of glass tubing being used up]? :The latter-mentioned feature is a most desirable one since it makes possible the continuous manufacture of flares, without periodic interruptions and loss of production consequent upon insertion of fresh lengths of glass tubing. These advantageous features may be achieved by glass tubing guides III positioned interiorly of the chuck spindles I2 and retained therein by one or more set screws II9. Glass tubing guides III may.

be manufactured of different diameters to accommodate different diameters of glass tubing, suitable diameter glass tubing guides being inserted,

into the chuck spindle I2 for guiding corresponding or complementary diameters of glass tubing. Where the glass tubing utilized is of relatively small diameter, relatively small diameter tubing guides I I! will be utilized, and in instances where the glass tubing is of relatively large diameter, a correspondingly larger glass tubing guide will be inserted and utilized. In some instances the glass tubing to be formed into flares may be of a diameter corresponding approximately to the interior diameter of the chuck spindle itself, and in this instance the glass tubing may be inserted directly into and through the chuck spindle, without first inserting a glass tubing guide II I.

As previously pointed out, rotation of the moving parts of each of the heads is achieved through chuck spindle drive gear 53, drive shaft 23 and drivin motor I5. The speed of rotation of the head chucks may be regulated by suitably adjusting the speed control mechanism indicated generally in Fig. 6 by the reference character 62 such speed adjustments may be made entirely independently of the speed at which the heads are moved around and orbit by the turret I9 and.

10 meshing main drive gear 53 is facilitated by a one-shot lubrication system illustrated in Figs. e and -'7. A main oil reservoir I20 is connected by suitable conduits I22. with outlet nipples I23 threaded into the upper portions 24 of the turret I9. The discharge openings of the nipples I23 are positioned adjacent the intermeshing portions of the spindle gears 52 and main drivegear 53. Upon actuation of the button I25 oil feeds from the reservoir I20 through the conduits I22 and is discharged immediately adjacent the intermeshing portions of the gears of each of the heads- 29. The oil discharged at the nipple I23 also moves downwardly. and assists in lubricating the upper ball bearings I5 of each of the heads 29. Additional conduits may lead from the reservoir I20 to any other parts which may require lubrication.

Movement of the chuck-operating lever 89, to open and close the chuck jaws I1, is achieved at periodic intervals by an operating rod I29 (Figs. 5, 7 and 9) which extends through and is guided by a bracket member I3I secured by bolts I32 to the main platform or table I I. The upper end of the operating rod I29 may have an adjustment screworbolt I34 and lock nutv I35 for varying the effective length and operating instant of the rod in contactin outwardly projecting portions of the chuck operating levers 89. Preferably each of the chuck operating levers 89 is provided with an adjustment screw or bolt I36 and lock nut I3I for facilitating correct operation of the levers to open and close the flare jaws IT at the correct time.

Only a single operating rod I29 is utilized,

each of the head-s 29 and chuck-operating levers 89 being moved successively into alignment with the upper end of the operating rod I29. The rod is effective to move each chuck operating lever 89 in succession, to thus permit insertion of a fresh length of glass tubing through the particular head 29, or to facilitate downward movement of a length of tubing in connection with a gauging or measuring operation which will be later described.

The chuck-operating rod I29 is actuated by the drive motor I4 through the intermediation of th drive belt 38, speed control mechanism 31, drive belt 35, shaft 32, meshing gears 3| and 40, shaft 4|, operating cam I 38, and lever or bell crank I39, the rod-operating lever I39 being movably mounted on a pin I40 carried by a bracket I4I bolted to the underside of the main platform II. Cam roller I44 is normally urged against the operating surface of the cam I38 by a spring I45 positioned around the operating rod I29 and resting against a washer I41 and the upper side of a collar member I48 secured to the rod I29 by a set screw. The spring I45 normally urges the operating rod I29 downwardly so that its lower end presses against a roller I50 carried adjacent the outer end of one arm of th bell crank or lever member I39.

The rod-operatingcam I38 is fixedly secured to the drive shaft 4| and has a profile or shape to effect upward movement of th operating rod I29 to open the chuck of a head 29 adjacent gauging position No. 5. The cam profile preferably maintains the chuck in open position for a sufficient period of time to facilitate insertion of a new length of glass tubing or gauging movement of a length of glass tubing with respect to the chuck jaws of the particular head 29. Upon gauging adjustment of thelength of glass tubing or insertion of a fresh length of tubing, the opl 1 crating cam I38 will have rotated by an amount permitting the spring-I45to urge the operating rod: I29 downwardly; as downward movement'of the operating rod I29'occurs, the headspring-85 length of tubing initiallyextending'through a guide bushing. I52 of a plat member I53 carried by support rods I54. The supportrods I54 maybe held by suitable bosses I55 at the upperiportion of the turret I9 so as to rotatewith the turret and to carry the plate member I53 therewith. The guide bushings I52 carried'by theplate. member I53 are disposed above and in alignment with the openings through the heads 29; one of the guide bushings being/ provided'for each of the headings 29. Abasket like structure I58.of wire or other suitable material'preferably extends upwardly from' the bottom member I 53 to minimize the possibility of "accidentally broken lengths of glass tubing falling upon" aworkman.

to: injure. him and to' minimize such accidental? 1y broken pieces of glass tubing falling into or upon the machine.

It; is highly. desirable. that lengths of glass tubing be preheated prior to their insertion into the gripping jaws of ahead 29.

whatmight otherwise bewaste heat generated by various burners 5 'illustratedin Fig, 3; Excess; heat generated by. these'burners rises from the burners, and" tends to raise the temperature of upwardly disposed'port-ions such as theheads .29; turret l9;1platemember I53and basket" I58. In

order to utilize and control .to a .certain extent the, heatwhich thus-rises thereis preferably provided adjacent each of "the heads 29 an-opening- As or chimney-like means (Figsr 7 andilQh). illustratedin Fig, 1911 an. opening or chimneylike means comprises' a tubular. portion I60 of,

theglowerpart 21 of the turretI9;3 the;chimneylike structurentends to; gather "and-direct through the chimney like opening-heated rising air and to discharge it from-the-upwardly disposed openend of the chimney-like structure; A perforated screen, plate or othersuitable member resting upon-a ledgeat the interior of-the preheating opening provides a support or "rest -for thelower end --of a length of glasstubing-placedinial-ign ment-with the opening: Heat discharged i from theupper end of the chimney-like structure may pass upwardlythroughandaround portions of thehollow length of tubing. Thus. the-open ings ;or-chimney-like structures tend to gather heat and direct it to and-through lengths of glass tubing which have their lower-ends-resting upon the perforated plate or screen IISI.

Initially a lengthof glasstubing willpref erablybe positioned so that its lower end rests againsti-the perforated plate I5I: Heat-rising from burners 5 tends to preheat the entire At the'proper time; when:

length .oftubing. the chuck jaws "are in open position; the fresh length of'tubing maybe lifted by arr-operator from the, crimney 'like. structure I69: and the: lower. end inserted downwardly into a; head" 2 9 the proper distance; upon closing ofthe. chuck jaws "the glass tubing will be securely retained" This is particularly desirable whereit ispossible to utilize 12 for rotation and'for, movementaround an orbital path by. the turretil9.

Upon insertion of a fresh length of tubing into an empty chuck there may be utilized an auxiliary gauging device" (Fig. 21) which has a platform I 55 serving to limit the extent of downward'movement of the tubing. The platform I55 is located'at the point or height at which cutting normally takes placeiat the cut-ofi position No. 8); the tubing position thus obtained is such that the lowermost end of the glass tubing is maintained at the level of the severing means and-it'not out off when'it reaches cut-off position-No. 8. Thus there is minimized wastage of unflared lengths-of glass-tubing at the cut-off position; the freshly insertedstick of tubing is hence not cut 01? but goes to the flare-forming position as though it has been cut ofi; The platform I55- may be carried on an arm I5'I which is rotatably or swingably mounted on an upright I59; A spring I52 may be connected with an adjacent stationary part of the machine to urge the armout of the path of -mov-ing parts and intocontact with aset screw I63.

After-being provided with a flange at flaring position 3'-the tubing moves downwardly an additional distance-at gauging position 5, upon opening of the chuck jaws TI by the chuckoperating lever 89-and operating rod member I 29. A flangedlength is'severed from the tubing at cut-01f position 8. During successive passages around its orbit the-piece of glass tube will graduallyfeed downwardly through a head and its length will continually decrease as additional flanged pieces I are formed.

When an initial length of tubing has moved downwardly sothatitsupper end no longer projects through a guide. bushing I52 of the platemember I53; afresh length of glass tubing may have its upper end inserted through a guide bushing I52 .and:its lowermost end rested against theperforated plate or screen I6I of va preheating. opening. I60. Whenthe upper end of an initial length of? glass-tubing has moved'below the upper endof a-tubing guide I I! a head 29 isready. to receive a succeeding length of tubing; the lower end of-a preheatedlength of tubing maybe moved into alignment with and inserted intothe tubingguide- I IT, for downward feeding through thehead -29-and conversion into-a plurality'of flangedpieces or-flares. A fresh length ofg-lasstubing may be inserted into a guide and chuck 313121137 desired position. as soon as a chuck'guide' II'I 'is-ready. co-receive it; Thus it will be seen that during the manufacture there may-bethesucceeding length oftubing in preheating position ready for insertion into operativezengagement with a head '2 9. In other words, for-'eachglass. rod being operated upon there may be, for most 'of the'time, an additional glass rod in preheating position ready to be substituted.

In instances where a chuck may become emptied-of a length or stick of glass tubing, a fresh lengthis preferably inserted at any 10- cationof the chuck during its orbital path, other than at gauging position No. 5; when the chuck and: its: freshly inserted stick reaches gauging position No; 5, the chuck jaws are automatically opened and thestickmoves downwardly for correct positioning or gauging. For purposes of convenience the actual cycle may be considered as beginning at heating position I.

Heating may be achieved by suitable mixtures of air and gas,- with or without additional oxygen; the gasfeeding through an inletconduit I64 to a manifold I65, from which the gas passes through suitable discharge openings I61, control valves I68 and appropriate connecting conduits (not shown) to the burners 5. Any suitable arrangement and number of manifolds, control valves, conduits and burners may be utilized for heating the glass tubing. The heating which occurs at positions I and 2 is preliminary to formation at position 5 of an outwardly extending flange or edge.

The means for outwardly flaring the lower edge of a length of glass tubing is illustrated more particularly at the left side of Fig. 9 and in Figs. 11 through 15. As shown in these figures a flaring pin I10 is first inserted vertically into the lower end of the rotating length of glass tubing and is thereafter moved from vertical position toward horizontal position, the extent of movement from the substantially vertical to horizontal position being determined by the .degree of angularity of the flange which it is desired to format the lower end of a piece of glass tubing. In instances where it is desired to form a substantially right angle flange (Fig. 2a) the forming pin I18 will be moved to substantially horizontal position. In instances where it is desired to form 'an inclined flange (Fig. 2b) the extent of movement of the flare forming pin I10 will be less than to full horizontal position.

The pin is preferably bodily rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the length of glass tubing upon which it is adapted to form a flange. In some instances it might be desired to rotate them in the same direction but at different speeds. As illustrated in Figs. 9, 11 and 12 the flange-forming pin I10 is retained in a pin-bracket I69 by a screw I15, the pin bracket I69 being adjustable to shift the lateral setting or position of the pin I18 upon loosening of the retaining screw I14 which extends through an opening in the pin bracket I69; the pin bracket is carried at the base of a substantially U-shaped yoke member I16, the yoke member I 16 being movably supported adjacent one end thereof on a bracket member I18 by pivot members I19. In initial position (Figs. 11 and 12) the flange-forming pin I18 is disposed in substantially vertical position for entry into the lower end of an adjacent length of glass tubing. Upward movement of the flange-forming pin into the length of glass tubing may be achieved by vertical movement of an operating shaft I8I]. As the operating shaft I80 is moved upwardly from the position illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12 the shaft lifts an apertured member I8I, movement of the apertured member I8I beingguided by spaced guide pins I83 carried by a sleeve top member I84, and as the apertured member I8I is moved upwardly a connecting member I85 pivotally joined adjacent its lower end with the apertured member I8I and at its upper end with the substantially U-shaped member I16 tends to rotate the substantially U-shaped or yoke member I16 about the pivot pins I19 upon which the latteris mounted. The offset pivotal mounting of the upper end of the connecting member I85 tends to swing the yoke member I outwardly toward a horizontal position illustrated more particularly in Fig. 9. Movement of the yoke member I16 toward horizontal position correspondingly moves the flange-forming pin I19. Rotation of the pin I18 and bracket I16, with respect to rotation of the heated glass tubing, is effective to flare or turn the substantially molten end of the glass tubing outwardly and upwardly to form an angularly disposed flange.

14 'Vertical movement of the flange-forming pin I18 and its operated shaft I86 may be achieved by the drive shaft 4| through the intermediation of operating cam I88 keyed thereto, roller I89,

bell crank I98, rollers I9I, and lift collar I92. The bell crank I90 may be pivotally mounted upon a bracket I bolted to the underside of the main platform or table member I I. The bell crank is shown normally urged toward downward position, so that the roller I89 remains in contact with the operating profile of the cam I88, by a spring I91 which extends about a shaft I98 carried by the main platform II, the tension or effectiveness of the spring being suitably varied by an adjusting nut 288 threaded onto the shaft I98. Adjustment of the amount of lift or movement of the operating shaft I88 may be obtained by appropriately shifting the position of the lift collar adjusting nuts 28I and 282 to thus locate the lift collar I92 at such position as is appropriate for obtaining the amount of movement desired.

Rotation of the flange forming pin and its operating shaft I89 may be by the drive motor I5 through the drive belt 64, speed control mechanism 62, drive belt 6i, pulley 59, drive shaft 60, pulley 63, drive belt 264, guide pulleys 265 and 286 (Fig. 5) and pulley 281 keyed or otherwise secured to a drive sleeve 288, the latter drive sleeve being suitably keyed or otherwise secured with the drive shaft I88 so that the latter may move longitudinally through the drive sleeve 288. The drive sleeve 288 is rotatably mounted on suitable ball bearings carried by the flare former bearing bracket 289 and they sleeve and bearings are retained in place by the upper side of pulley 281 and a bearing retainer 283 threaded onto the sleeve 288.

The sleeve I86 which carries the sleeve top member I84 is rotatably mounted within a cylinder-like adjusting nut 2I8 that is retained in position within an arm of the flare former bearing bracket 289 by set screw 2I I. The adlusting nut 2 I 9 is preferably provided with needle bearings at the interior thereof for facilitating rotation of the sleeve I86. A spring 2I3, resting at its lower end against a collar 2M secured to the shaft I80, presses at its upper end against a supporting washer 2I6 and the washer in turn bears against a collar 2I1 secured by set screws to the lower end of the sleeve member I86; the spring 2I3 thus maintains the sleeve member I86 in desired upper position. A ball thrust bearing 2 I 9 may be positioned intermediate the lower end of the adjusting nut 2H] and the sleeve collar I1 to minimize friction.

While a substantially straight flange-forming .pin I18 is illustrated in Figs. 9, 11 and 12 it may in some instances be desired to utilize a different shape or size of pin for a flange at the lower end of a length of glass tubing. The flange-forming pins illustrated in Figs. 13, 14 and 15 are examples of other shapes of flange-forming pins which may be inserted into the flare forming mechanism in lieu of the particular pin I18 illustrated in Figs. 9, 11 and 12.

The flaring mechanism of the swing-out pin type perfectly simulates hand flaring techniques. The tool rotates as it rises and swings outwardly in an arc. Provision is made for making of any and all adjustments which may be deemed desirable.

In some instances there may be employed a flare-forming tool of the spade type shown in Fig. 16. The tool of this figure has a substantially: centrally disposed projection on protuberance. [H.extendingupwardlyfrom the forming;

tool l 12. As ithe rotatingglower end of'the'length of. glasstubing is contacted by the tool l'l2 in'- clinedsportionsllti. tend todirect the lower edgeof the. length of tubing-outwardly to.form a flange atthelowerr endof. the: tube. In addition to ro-i tation.of the length: of tubing thesforining tool 1 is 'alsarotated and preferably. this.;latter rotationis in a directionopposite to; that of .the head '29" and length of Jglass tubingcarried thereby.

Upon completion .ofLa .fianging. or..flaring "operationthedrive motor [4: and indexing cam 43 cause the. latter to move. the turret. 29 so. as to shift the fiangedlength of tubing topooling position 4 (Fig. 3) where theulower end .of Ithe glass. tube is subjected to j ets of cooling air: The :jets of cooling air from the. conduitsl'or. nozzles I serve to render the: glass less: plastic .prior. to its Imove.- ment to gauging-position Thedrivemotor- 14;. index-cam 43 andintermediate mechanisms move the flanged and cooled length of tubing fronrposi tion-4 to gauging position 5'.

At: gauging position. 5 the glass tubing: is subjected to ajet of cooling air from an additional nozzle or-conduit 'Land'is momentarily released by the chuck gripping jaws 11- onto asupport 222- of a gauging mechanism'so thatthe entire length-of tubing may be accurately adjusted to correct position-for subsequent cutting off or severingat-position-No; 8; Atgauging position 5'- the length-of glass tubing-is released onto a-platform 222,- the platform being positioned away from the glass releasing point while the glass tubing is movedintogauging position and the platformalso being positioned awayfrom the glass releasing-point prior to the machineindexing or moving the adjusted length of'glass tubing awayfrom the gauging position. During the glass release-interval whileahead 29'is at'rest' in-the gaugingposition the platform 22-2- isin alignment with and beneath a head 29 so that it may support a released length of glass tubing. The gauging means or mechanism is illustrated inelevated positionbeneath a chuck in Fig- 8 and isiillustrated ingreater detailinFigs. 9 and 10V Therzplatform. 2220f the gauging means includes a support rod 223 havingaltopportion 224= ro tatably supported..- onthe rod- 223 by. aroller bearing 225;- Azdiscqofl any suitableLheat.resistant: and relatively. soft. material 22fizcarriediby andl preferably; adhesively secured to the upperisur face of. the'top member. 224', is adaptedtto. form:

a=- seator; rest for a length'oftubing. released by.

the chuck jaws.- Ti when they, are opened. The

shaft 234 'tovary the effective oroperating height of the bracket arm 229 and of theplatform 222' oarried.thereby;.a lock nut may beutilized beneath the adjustmentnut 232.for maintaining a setposition:

Both the adjustmentshaft 234 and the adjacent shaft 23'! extend downwardly through suitable hushed openings of a bearing bracket 235 which may be bolted to the mainplatform or table. H. Aspring. 236 which restssagainstthe underside of. a portion..ofi the-bearing bracket 1'6 235 and against a collar member 23'! carried by the operating shaft 23l serves to urgetheshafta. bracket arm 22-9, and platform 222 downwardly.- toward operating cams-235i and 240 retained on.- thedrive shaft 4| by suitable keys or set :screws The lower end of each of the shafts 23l-and= 234' has secured thereto a roller bracket 242, 243" and these brackets'rotatably support cam rollers 244'and 245. A guide plate 241 secured by bolts to the lower portion of the bearing-bracket23i prevents excessive accidental rotation of the adjustment' shaft 234; whichvmightotherwise':serve to "accidentally shift the position ofthe'supporte ing platform2 2 2;

The": cam member 239" is effective to:raise:and; lower the-operating. shaft 231 and adjustment shaft-.234, togetherwith the bracket arm 22 9 and: platform. 22 2 carried thereby, .throughthefm'ajor portion. of movement of the platform; Thesmaller; cam. 2 40 serves. for making. finer" adjust+- merits ofithaplatform which supports'therlength of glass tubing; the sma1lercam240- may: haveca:v more exact profile than the largerioperatingcami 239T; theiformation of a morerexact'profile oni'the smalleri'cam' 240 is more-readily and economically manufactured than that ofza larger cam. Infthe' operation of the gauging mechanism'thezlarge cam: 239 lowers the. shafts 23 I 1 and 234 130? azdistance suflicientcfrom the cam roller 245.:to1c0me: into. contact with and be affected'byrtheprofile of the smaller: cam 2411;. the smaller: cam: 240 shifts the position of the platform; 2223 to: pro. vide the exact height adjustment of .the :platform 1 222-- and of a length of glass tubingsupported. thereon.

During raising. and lowering of the gauging mechanism, the turret l9: isat resti' Upon ad.- just nent'. of. the platform 222 and length'uof" tubing carriedthereby to correcth'eight; the: clutchoperating rod I29 (Fig; 7): moves out'l'of. contact with the clutch operatinglever:Rwanda the clutch jaws 'l'i move into contact withand' again grip the length ofgla'sstubing. Subsequent to gripping of the tubing by'the jaws: 'fl the gauging mechanism is lowered 1 away from: the gripped length of tubing. At this timethe in dexcam 43 is again in position to indexer-move the turret l9- in a step forwardand thelpartic="-- ularlength of tubing and head moves to lieat ing position 6 and from hence to heating post tion -1;

At heating position 8 and-"(the flared an'd' height adjusted length of tubingis subjected to'- flame jetswhich heat trle'lengtli of tubing ad jacent the point at whichthe' tubing is to' be? severedr Heating the glass causes it to approach a plastic or semi-molten condition for facilitatin'g severing of a flangedlengthfromthe lengtli o-f tubing, at cut off position 8? When the indexcam-43 has moved 'a he'a'dZ 2 G' to cut off-positions. a length of glass tubing" carried by thechuck jaws of 5 the particularhead 29 will' be disposed immediately above-an internalcutter of a cutting mechanism illustrated more particularly in'Figs. 1'7, 18-and19andfia glass-tube stea'dying device shown" in Fig. 19a: In'this positiontheinternal cutter 251 is moved up through anapertured: platform 33?" intothe hollow flare, by a cam. and lever' mechanism" (Figs: 18; 19' and 'descriptiomthereof hereinafter)", and thereafter the internalcutter and'relative 1y. larger external 1 cutter 252" move toward. each other to. sever the glass. tubing and? form; a. flanged length which .drops downwardly. around i the internal. cutter; the. steadying. roller 25 

